Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is one of the most common causes of persistent non-bilous vomiting in early infancy. Though it has been diagnosed through barium study, the diagnostic modality is being gradually replaced by ultrasonography. The authors retrospectively analysed the ultrasonographic findings of 21 cases of surgically confirmed hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The thickness of the pyloric musele measured from 3.3 to 5.7mm(4.6+0.74). The diameter of the pylorus was between 10.7 and 18.6 mm (14.0+1.79mm) and the ratio of observe the target sign, cervix sign, the elongation of the pyloric canal length, the double tract sign and gastric distension or increased peristalsis. Ultrasonography is the most reliable and ease method for diagnosing hypertrophic pyloric stenosis by directly edmonstrating the thickened muscle and narrowed pyloric lumen.
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